Here are the additional Scriptures confirming the vital takeaways of Chapter 1.
Romans 5:18 - One man's (Adam) offense resulted in condemnation for all.
Romans 3:23 - For all have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God.
Hebrews 2:14-15 - Inasmuch then as the children have partaken of flesh and blood, He Himself likewise shared in the same, that through death He might destroy him who had the power of death, that is, the devil, and release those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage.
Matthew 20:28 - the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many.
The Greek word translated ransom means the price paid to free a slave.
(Many means great in quantity. It’s not referencing exclusion. We know this due to an abundance (over 70) of other Scriptures telling us He gave His life for ALL, which is the subject of Chapter 2.)
1 Peter 2:8 - They stumble, being unbelieving to the word, to which they also were appointed.
Romans 7:6 - But now we have been delivered from the law, having died to what we were held by. (sin)
For one to be delivered from the law, they must have first been subject to it.
Ephesians 2:1-3 - And you He made alive, who were dead in trespasses and sins, in which you once walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit who now works in the sons of unbelief, among whom also we all once conducted ourselves in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, just as the others.
We're all children of wrath by nature; we played no causal role. (Sidenote: No one is punished forever for being in the state God subjected them to.)
Romans
3:4 - Let God be true but every man a liar.
5:6-8 - For when we were still without strength (powerless), in due time Christ died for the ungodly. For scarcely for a righteous man will one die; yet perhaps for a good man someone would even dare to die. But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
5:15 - By one mans (Adam) offense many died.
As stated previously, in the context of Romans Chapter 5 and the entire book of Romans, the word many is a reference to quantity, not exclusion. Remember this whenever you see the word many in the remaining verses. (See Romans 5:12,18 and 1 Corinthians 15:12 for examples.)
5:16 - Judgment was the result of one offense (Adams) resulting in condemnation for all.
5:17 - By one man's (Adam) offense death reigned.
5:19 - By one man's (Adam) unbelief many (all) were made sinners.
6:6 - Knowing this, that our old man was crucified with Him, that the body of sin might be done away with, that we should no longer be slaves of sin.
6:17 - But God be thanked that though you were slaves of sin, yet you obeyed from the heart that form of doctrine to which you were delivered.
6:20 - For when you were slaves of sin, you were free in regard to righteousness.
7:14 - For we know that the law is spiritual, but I am carnal, sold under sin.
7:17 - But now, it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells in me.
7:20 - Now if I do what I will not to do, it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells in me.
7:23 - But I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members.
7:25 - So then, with the mind I myself serve (to serve as a slave) the law of God, but with the flesh the law of sin.
8:6-8 - For to be carnally minded is death, but to be spiritually minded is life and peace. Because the carnal mind is enmity against God; for it is not subject to the law of God, nor indeed can be. So then, those who are in the flesh cannot please God.
With our mind, we serve (slaves) the law of God and our mind is not subject to the law of God, “Nor indeed can be.” Not only that but, our mind is an enemy of God and hostile toward Him. Stop and reflect on all that for a moment. Our mind innately serves the law of God but, is also an enemy of God/hostile toward Him, and God arranged for us to be in this state.
1 Corinthians
15:21-22 - For since by man (Adam) came death, by Man (Jesus) also came the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ, all shall be made alive.
Galatians
3:3 - Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us (for it is written, "Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree")
Everyone is under the curse of the law before they experience redemption.
4:1-5 - Now I say that the heir, as long as he is a child, does not differ at all from a slave, though he is master of all, but is under guardians and stewards until the time appointed by the father. Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world (the law.) But when the fullness of the time had come, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, that we might receive the adoption as sons.
Who was under the law? Have I not shown the NT clearly and repeatedly states the answer is everyone?
Ephesians
4:17-19 - This I say, therefore, and testify in the Lord, that you should no longer walk as the rest of the Gentiles walk in the futility of their mind, having their understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart; who, being past feeling, have given themselves over to lewdness, to work all uncleanness with greediness.
Like Ephesians 2:1-3, this text describes the condition everyone was born into through no fault of their own. The word futility is the same Greek word used in Romans 8:20 and 1 Peter 1:18, which state we're ALL arranged under this condition.
5:8 - For you were once darkness, but now you are light in the Lord.
Colossians
3:6-7 - Because of these things the wrath of God is coming upon the sons of unbelief, in which you yourselves once walked when you lived in them.
According to all the texts you've read so far, is being a son of unbelief the result of someone's choices, or a subjected state?
Titus
3:3 - For we ourselves were also once foolish, unbelieving, deceived, serving various lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful and hating one another.
1 Peter
1:24 - Because "All flesh is as grass, And all the glory of man as the flower of the grass. The grass withers, And its flower falls away, But the word of the Lord endures forever."
1 John
1:8-10 - If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive (send away) us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. If we say that we have not sinned, we make Him a liar, and His word is not in us.
John
8:34 - Jesus answered them, "Most assuredly, I say to you, whoever commits sin is a slave of sin.